What is neon?
Neon is a Period 2 noble gas element in Group 18 on the Periodic Table. Neon gas is inert, monatomic, odorless, and colorless.
What is argon?
Argon is a Period 3 noble gas element in Group 18 on the Periodic Table. Argon is colorless, monatomic, and odorless in the liquid and gas state.
What is oxygen gas?
Oxygen gas (also called elemental oxygen) is a molecule made of two atoms of oxygen connected by a double bond in which four electrons are being shared between the two atoms.
What is potential energy?
Potential energy is energy that is stored due to the position of an object or particle.
What is an atomic radius?
The atomic radius of an atom is the distance from the center of the atom’s nucleus to the outermost electrons in the energy level of the atom.
What are intramolecular forces?
Intramolecular forces (commonly called chemical bonds) are the forces that connect atoms together to form a molecule. These forces of attraction from strongest to weakest are metallic, ionic, polar covalent, and nonpolar covalent.
What are intermolecular forces?
Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction between molecules. Atoms and ions can also exhibit these types of attractive forces. Intermolecular forces are much weaker than intramolecular forces. The forces from strongest to weakest are ion-dipole, hydrogen bonds, dipole-dipole, and London Dispersion.
What are van der Waals forces?
London dispersion and dipole-dipole forces are both types of van der Waals forces. The forces are generally attractive but can become repulsive if the particles are moved too close together.
What are London Dispersion forces?
London dispersion forces are associated with nonpolar molecules, atoms, and noncharged molecules. Dipoles are induced within the atoms or molecules that make up the substance.
What are dipole-dipole forces?
Dipole-dipole forces are a type of van der Waals forces associated with molecules that have permanent dipoles. Dipoles are present in molecules that are polar and are due to a difference in electronegativity between the atoms that make up the molecule.
What is hydrogen bonding?
Hydrogen bonding is a special case of dipole-dipole attraction between hydrogen atoms and highly electronegative atoms, such as fluorine, oxygen, and nitrogen.
What is a chemical bond’s enthalpy?
Enthalpy is the amount of energy stored within the bonds that hold the atoms together in a molecule. This energy is the amount of energy required to break the bond(s) that connects the atoms within the molecule.
Chemical bonds between atoms are based on the attractive forces and the energy associated with the bonding process. In this module, you’ll investigate the relationship between potential energy and the attractive and repulsive forces present between atoms.
