What is biodiversity?
Biodiversity is defined as all the various forms of life found in a given area or in nature in the entirety of Earth.
What are dicots?
Dicot is short for dicotyledon that refers to all plants with two cotyledons. These cotyledons that are in the plant seeds may emerge from the ground once the seeds germinate.
What are monocots?
Monocot is short for monocotyledon that refers to plants that have only cotyledon in the seed that may lead to the growth of the plant.
What are pigments?
Pigments are colored substances found in plants that give color to the plants. These substances provide color to the plant by selectively absorbing and reflecting certain wavelengths of light. One of the most important plant pigments is chlorophyll, which is responsible for the process of photosynthesis.
What are extracts?
An extract is substance that has been separated and/or removed from a plant using various processes.
What are vascular bundles?
Vascular bundles in plants are specialized tissue that support material movement within a plant. Water and sugars produced by the plant are the primary materials moved from one location in a plant to different locations.
What is chromatography?
Chromatography is a chemical process in which various components of plant materials, such as pigments are separated and analyzed.
What are proteins?
Proteins are macromolecules consisting of units of connected amino acids. The functions of proteins range from building structural support, transportation of other materials, metabolic regulation, and host of other functions.
What are amino acids?
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
What are enzymes?
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions within the organism. Most often, enzymes are made of proteins.
What are restriction enzymes?
A restriction enzyme is a protein that cuts a sequence of DNA at a specific location or site for further study.
What is DNA?
DNA is a relatively large molecule that carries the genetic information for an organism. This information is used for organism development and to maintain the proper functioning of the organism.
What is mRNA?
mRNA stands for messenger RNA. The function of mRNA is to (a) take a copy of a cell’s DNA (code) to the site in the cytoplasm where proteins are made and (b) use this code to make specific proteins for specific functions.
What is electrophoresis?
Electrophoresis is a process used to separate DNA, RNA, or other important protein molecules for later study and analysis. The separated fragments move through a gel based on their size and electrical charge. Smaller fragments move through the gel faster than larger fragments. An electric current provides the potential difference used to attract the negative ends of the molecules to the positive terminals on the electrophoresis chamber.
What is translation?
Translation is the process in which mRNA provides the sequence for the assembly of amino acids into specific proteins. Translation occurs in ribosomes located in the cytoplasm outside the cell nucleus.
What is replication?
Replication is the process in which the DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical copies of the original molecule.
What is the function of a plant's stem?
The function of the stem is to transport water from the roots to other parts of the plant and to transport food (sap) from where it is made to other parts of the plant.
What is the function of a plant's leaves?
The function of the leaves is to provide food and energy to the plant by using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food (photosynthesis).
What is the function of a plant's seeds?
The function of the seeds is to provide protection of a new young plant (embryo) and to provide food for the plant’s embryo to survive until the plant can photosynthesize.
What is the function of a plant's flower?
The function of a plant’s flower is to carry out sexual reproduction through the formation and transfer of male and female reproductive cells.
While two plants may look very different structurally, they may have similar genetic ties that make them closely related. In this module, you’ll investigate plants to find similarities and differences based on their structures and genetic makeup.
